Numerous studies have been done before showing an association between breast cancer and exercise, with exercising reducing the risk for recurrence or for getting breast cancer. A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Prevention, looked at the changes in hormone breakdown molecules and how they are affected by exercise. Estrogen breaks down in the body into three main metabolites, 2-OHE1, 4-OHE1, and 16-OHE1. Studies have shown that a low 2-OHE1 to 16-OHE1 ratio (or higher levels of 16-OHE1) increase the risk for breast cancer. This study showed that exercise favorably alters this ratio toward a higher 2-OHE1/16-OHE1 ratio. This study was done on pre-menopausal women.
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